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玉川上水・分水網の構成と関連遺構に関する調査
Research on the configuration and remains of the Tamagawa Josui (Water Supply System) and its water diversion network

一般研究
General
Research
No.226
代表研究者
Principal
Investigator
辻野 五郎丸
Goromaru Tsujino
所属(採択当時)
Affiliation
玉川上水域研究会 代表
Representative, Tamagawa Josui (Water Supply System) Region Research Group
研究内容要約
Research
Summary

市街地図(2千5百分の1)をベースとして,既往の玉川上水・分水網を示す文献などから玉川上水・分水網の基本構成をデジタル情報として整理した。さらにこの基本構成図と関連文献等を照合し,開削時から幕末までの玉川上水と分水網の形成過程,分水毎の水利特性などについて整理し,玉川上水と分水網の基本的な性格について明らかにした。 また,現在までの玉川上水・分水網に関連する国・都県・市区の文化財の指定状況,特徴的な公園緑地の分布,市民団体の自然・歴史的資産等の記録もあわせ,玉川上水・分水網の各地域における特徴を整理した。

これらの情報は,シンポジウム,市民団体・自治体尾との玉川上水・分水網の保全・再生と維持管理を考える意見交換の基本的な情報として提供した。

本調査は,「玉川上水・分水網を世界遺産・未来遺産へ準部会(代表田畑貞寿・千葉大学名誉教授)」(以下「準備会」)の活動と連携して実施した。「準備会」では平成27年5月29日に第1回シンポジウムを開催した。このシンポジウムでは,玉川上水は,武蔵野台地のほぼ全域と東京の中心部に至る広大な水循環のネットワークを形成していたこと.現在は,そのシステムは改廃の危機に瀕していること。しかし,持続可能な将来の東京の都市像を模索するとき,その保全再生は喫緊の課題であり,2020年オリンピック・パラリンピック東京大会のレガシー(遺産)として捉えるべきことなどを提起し,多くの方の賛同を得た。このシンポジウムを契機に玉川上水の保全再生を目指している「水循環都市東京シンポジウム実行委員会(代表山田正 中大教授)」,玉川上水ネット(代表柴俊男)「東京の水文化を守るフォーラム(南世田谷ロータリークラブ)」へ呼びかけ,国の関連機関,東京都等に「武蔵野台地に刻まれた水と緑の回廊の保全再生に関する要望書」を提出した。

この結果,武蔵野台地、東京中心部に広がる玉川上水・分水網については文化庁の「日本遺産」の認定から世界遺産への展開を図ること。さらに,社会実験として東京オリンピックまでに玉川上水へ河川水の導水をめざし,災害時の緊急水利、環境用水としての活用等の効果を検証する2つの方向が確認された。現在,平成28年度秋に関連自治体にも呼びかけ,この2つをテーマとしたシンポジウム(拡大玉川上水サミット)と展示を実施し,玉川上水・分水網の保全再生を促進したいと考えている。



The basic configuration of the Tamagawa Josui (water supply system) and its water diversion network were compiled from historical documents and digitized on a city map (2500:1). Then the basic nature of the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network was revealed by referencing this basic configuration map and related documents, organizing the formation processes of the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network from the beginning of excavation to the end of the Edo era, and analyzing how the water was used in each diversion.


In addition, the features of the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network in various regions were organized by compiling records such as the current and previous cultural asset designation status at the national, municipal, and local levels for the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network, the distribution of distinctive parks and green spaces, and the natural and historic resources of citizen groups.


This information has been provided as the basis for the exchange of ideas at symposiums and with citizen groups and local authorities for the conservation, restoration, and management of the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network.


This research was implemented in conjunction with the activities of the “Preparatory Committee for the Tamagawa Josui and Its Water Diversion Network as a World Heritage and Future Heritage Site (Representative: Sadatoshi Tabata, Professor Emeritus, Chiba University) (hereinafter “Preparatory Committee”). The Preparatory Committee held the first symposium on May 29, 2015. The symposium presented ideas that the Tamagawa Josui formed an extensive water cycle network covering the more or less entire Musashino plateau and central Tokyo, and that currently this system is in danger of being destroyed. However, when exploring the image of future Tokyo as a sustainable urban area, the consensus was that the conservation and restoration of this system is an urgent issue and that we should seize the opportunity of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics/Paralympics to create a legacy. These ideas gained much support from the participants. Taking the opportunity created by the symposium, we contacted various groups and forums which aim for the conservation and restoration of the Tamagawa Josui, such as the Sound Water Cycle Urban Tokyo Symposium Executive Committee (Representative: Tadashi Yamada, Professor, Chuo University) and the Tokyo Water Culture Protection Forum (Minami-Setagaya Rotary Club) of the Tamagawa Josui Network (Representative: Toshio Shiba), and submitted the “Petition for the conservation and restoration of green corridors and waterways of the Musashino plateau” to the relevant national agencies, the Tokyo municipality, etc.


As a result, two initiatives were to be introduced: the upgrading of the designation of the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network from “Japanese Heritage” site certified by the Agency for Cultural Affairs to a “World Heritage” site; and a social experiment to verify the efficacy of the network as an emergency/environmental water supply in the event of a disaster with an aim of creating waterways to introduce river water to the Tamagawa Josui by the time of the Tokyo Olympics. Currently, we are planning to promote conservation and restoration of the Tamagawa Josui and its water diversion network by holding a symposium (Expanded Summit on the Tamagawa Josui) in the autumn of 2016, centered on these two themes and inviting the relevant local authorities.


共同研究者
Collaborators

谷下雅義(Tanishita Masayoshi)
大野暁彦(Ono Akihiko)
布施孝志(Fuse Takashi)


Masayoshi Tanishita
Akihiko Ono
Takashi Fuse

研究全文
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